The PM-10 Student Polarizing Microscope is developed for instructional laboratories conducting polarized light analysis. It combines a rigid mechanical frame with a complete polarizing optical system for reliable observation. The monocular head supports Bertrand lens use, while a precision rotating stage, coaxial focusing, adjustable condenser, and built-in halogen illumination provide controlled, repeatable conditions for mineralogical and crystallographic training applications within standard educational microscopy curricula and routine laboratory practical sessions worldwide.
Technical Specification Table (Ultra-Detailed)
| Specification | Details |
|---|---|
| Model | PM-10 |
| Microscope Type | Student Polarizing Microscope |
| Observation Head | Monocular (replaceable with Bertrand lens) |
| Analyzer | Sliding analyzer |
| Compensators | 1/2 wave and 1/4 wave compensator |
| Focusing System | Coaxial focusing system |
| Stage Type | Rotatable circular stage |
| Stage Rotation | 0–360° with vernier graduation |
| Condenser | Adjustable condenser |
| Condenser Numerical Aperture | N.A. 1.25 |
| Polarizer | Fully graduated with in–out system |
| Illumination | Built-in halogen lamp, 6V 20W |
| Light Control | Solid-state light control arrangement |
| Eyepieces | 5X (cross), 10X (ocular), 15X (optional) |
| Objectives | P5X, P10X, P40X, P45X |
| Power Supply | 230V AC |
| Packaging | Inner thermocol or styrofoam packing with outer cardboard box |
Designed specifically for student-level polarizing microscopy
Monocular observation head compatible with Bertrand lens
Complete polarizing optical system for instructional use
Sliding analyzer for controlled polarized light analysis
Supplied with half-wave and quarter-wave compensators
Precision coaxial focusing mechanism for smooth operation
Rotatable circular stage with 360° rotation and vernier scale
Adjustable condenser with numerical aperture of 1.25
Fully graduated polarizer with in–out mechanism
Built-in 6V 20W halogen illumination system
Solid-state control for stable light intensity adjustment
Multiple polarizing objectives for varied magnification ranges
The PM-10 Polarizing Microscope functions by passing light from the built-in halogen source through a graduated polarizer to generate plane-polarized light. When this light interacts with anisotropic specimens on the rotatable stage, it undergoes birefringence. The sliding analyzer recombines the light components, producing observable interference effects. Stage rotation, compensators, and condenser adjustments enable systematic examination of optical properties under controlled illumination.
Mineralogy and crystallography education
Geology laboratory practical training
Rock and crystal thin-section examination
Materials science instructional studies
Fiber and anisotropic material analysis
Physics laboratory optical demonstrations